Essay on Loss of Freedom in The Giver -- The Giver Essays

Loss of Freedom in The Giver  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Giver, a book written by Lois Lowry, questioned my ideas, thoughts and beliefs.   The novel describes an ideal society, in which everything is supposed to be perfect, with all life’s problems solved.   It is all about being happy with what the people have and not questioning their life styles because they did not know the difference between good and bad.   The people are denied of their preferable way of life without their knowledge of how the real world is supposed to be.   In the real world, I live each and everyday to learn and gain freedom as much as I can.   However, the citizens of this society are not able to control their life; for example their choice of clothing, choice of loving and having feelings, or choice of family members.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From all existing creatures, we humans differ because we are able to use our brain to make decisions.   In the novel, the people of the given society have authority figures that show them how to live their life.   â€Å"Katya, became a Nine and removed her hair ribbons and got her bicycle† (P. 14).   Therefore, this previous quote is referring to how the people are controlled.   They have no say in their own life style.   The rules start from small thing like what age one starts to ride a bike, which age group wears certain types of jackets, the clothing one wears each day, and even what to eat.   In the real world, we humans make similar decisions for our selves without thinking about it.   People need guidance in their life to the right way of living but not a book of instructions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of ... ...t quite get the word for the whole feeling of it, The Giver told him the feeling that was so strong in the room is love† (P.125). Family in the novel is described as a group of people that have a unit or bond that they share each day together.   In the real world, family is more than a unit; it is care and mostly love. In conclusion, life without experience or memory is meaningless.   When all freedom is taken away from an individual, that person will not strive to make a better tomorrow.   These people are missing the freedom to choose their future.   Starting from success, family and their individuality has been taken.   Furthermore, most people in reality need love and happiness to go on and survive.   While we try to fix our lives with all the scientific ways, we are forgetting the most important parts of nature.      

Photostory Essay Essay

This essay is to comment on my photo story that I did for my coursework, I will be talking about various things like the lighting, costumes and mise-en-scene, what they did for the photo story and how it helped. The genre I chose for my photo story was a sports genre. I thought it would appeal to the vast majority of male readers of around 14-18 years old, as it is a football magazine, which I have called â€Å"The Kick-A-Bout Crew.† I think that the story I chose would also interest younger readers as an incident like this one could crop up in their everyday lives. In a newsagent’s local to me, most of the space for papers and comics had been taken up by football magazines; this is partly why I used a football idea. If I were to sell my magazine, I would be very confident that my target audience would be teenage boys, and my grey market would be female readers as they are not likely to want to read football stories very often in most cases, but not unheard of. I would be very satisfied with this target audience. The way my story was narrated was through caption boxes and speech bubbles; this made my story quite easy to understand without too much difficulty. My captions were being placed at the bottom of a photo, to be read first, while the speech bubbles on the photo, perhaps slipping onto the background of the document to make sure that they didn’t cover up the characters faces. I placed my speech bubbles in the direction the story’s pictures were placed, normally flowing from left to right so as to make it easier to read. I used many different camera angles, to subtly highlight the events occurring in my story. For my first photo, I took an establishing shot from a fairly long distance away, taking it from a high angle to symbolize the fact that the boys are really just kids, innocent in youth and also to show the readers were the story takes place. In my second photo I take the photo as a medium shot, from a slightly low angle, so that it appears to the readers that the watching boy is much taller physically and symbolically than Paul and Jimmy showing that he is more important. For my third and fourth shots, I used eye-level close-ups that display the clear emotion on both of the boy’s faces, to depict to the readers the emotions of the boys and put the readers in their positions. The fifth photo is simply an eye-level medium shot that was the plainest and most obvious way to show the audience what is happening quite clearly. When my main character, Paul, gets tackled, the photo is taken from a high angle from a medium distance for the first view of it, to show the vulnerability of Paul to the audience before switching to an eye-level close-up to make the readers see how cheap the tackle was. The next shot is taken back to a high-angle showing the discomfort and pain that Paul is feeling, making him pitiful to the audience and to make them feel sorry for him, whilst not showing the boy, who is helping Paul up in the same light. For the next shot I used another eye-level medium shot, with a slight over-the-shoulder feel to it were you see Jimmy listening in behind the two talking boys, to show his sly jealous side to the more judgmental of the readers. For my penultimate shot I used an eye-level long shot to fit the characters all in but not leave too much background so the audience are drawn to the colour and action of the shot. And finally I used an eye-level close-up of Jimmy getting punched; the camera is supposedly a first-person view from Paul, to make the audience feel as though they’re throwing the punch. I think that all of these different angles have really illustrated the point that I was trying to make in each photo, they help keep the readers entertained and even kind of involved and would easily help them to understand the characters. I used particular colours in my background to lure my reader’s attention and immediately tell them the type of story I have chosen. I used a background of green and white like a football field and had the title set against a black and white football, in the actual title the word â€Å"foul† was a chilling blood red in the style of chiller. For each of my photos I used a different colour for each caption boxes to try and not make the page too boring and also to try and describe the photos, for instance at the start of the story where it is just a friendly kick about the caption box is a merry yellow, while proceeding through the story coming to the tackle it has slowing turned to a violent shade of scarlet. I shot my photo story at Dundonald Playing Fields as it fitted in with the story and provided a good mise-en-scene. It’s in the grounds of a shabby looking high school to show that these kids lead a normal school life and this is their day to day surroundings, a the dual carriage way in the background shows how busy the place is and stands for their urban lives. I also used different costumes to display the type of characters starring in my photo story. Jimmy wore a black tracksuit to show him as the villain, while Paul wore a green and grey Northern Ireland tracksuit, to show that he is not exactly good as gold either, but generally decent and has strong loyalties. The boy watching is wearing a bright red Man U top to show that he is very friendly and is chasing a spot on Manchester United Youth team. The only lighting was the afternoon sky that made it seem as though they were still at school having a lunch-time game. The football and the goalposts fitted in nicely with the story giving it that sporty touch. I also added a competition to star in the magazine, which I thought would really grab the reader’s attention and spread the word to their friends. These are all the devices and techniques I used to make the story interesting, eye-catching and comprehendible.

“a Proposed Human Resource Information System Solution for...

TITLE â€Å"A Proposed Human Resource Information System Solution for the Agricultural Development Bank†. Executive Summary There are approximately 110 employees at the Bank. At present there are few formal Human Resource policies and procedures in place. Management is looking for a solution that can handle at least the following day to day HR functions: ï  ® Time Keeping ï  ® Vacation ï  ® Holidays ï  ® Leaves for sickness and other reasons ï  ® Evaluation and Performance appraisals ï  ® Recruitment In addition, the following features are desirable: ï  ® Resource allocation management ï  ® Succession planning ï  ® Payroll functionality integrated with financial software for compensation and benefits management. ï  ® Skills management. The Human†¦show more content†¦The research design for this Capstone will be guided by the Waterfall model of the systems development life cycle which features several phases that mark the progress of the systems analysis and design effort. The First phase in developing the HRIS will involve planning. This phase will identify the need for a Human Resource Information System, in the clearest possible terms, the problem that the product is expected to solve. These needs will be prioritized and translated into a plan for the IT department, including a schedule for developing new major systems. The Second phase will involve a study of the banks Human Resources policies and procedures. This analysis will include understanding the bank s business context and constraints, the functions the product must perform, the performance levels it must adhere to, and the external systems it must be compatible with. At this level, questionnaires will be distributed to functional areas of the bank to determine what the users want from the proposed system. The requirements determination will involve a careful study of the current system typically captured in a formal requirements specification, which serves as input to the next step. The Third phase of the development life cycle involves the design. This step involves defining the hardware and software architecture, specifying performance and security parameters, designing data storage containers and constraints, choosing the IDE and programmingShow MoreRelatedGlobal Climate Change On Natural Disasters And Agricultural Production1308 Words   |  6 PagesHuman well-being is fundamentally dependent on ecosystems for the provisioning, cultural and regulating services that they provide (World Bank, 2007). Clean water is one of the critical resources provided to man by ecosystems. As such, the ecosystem concept has been elevated as a fundamental attribute for human development. Maintenance and access to ecosystem services has consistently been associated with better health and economic outcomes. Human health risks originate from traditional forms ofRead MoreEssay about PPPM331 Midterm2144 Words   |  9 Pagesenvironment / society stemming from this development. -Plan and manage the use of natural resources 2. From your text, why is an understanding of how resources were used (and misused) in the past important to the current and future management of resources? - damage we create now threatens our future and the future of our children and the millions of species that share the planet with us. -Learning from our mistakes can cause people t better manage resources in the future. Knowing what went wrongRead MoreThe Food Security Challenge For A Growing Population Essay4162 Words   |  17 Pagescontinuing to grow by around 75 million people per year, the challenge of feeding the planet is with us again and a solution must be reached. With various scientific advances, many believed there was a breakthrough in â€Å"food productivity† and as such a permanent solution to the problem of food crisis was found but unfortunately, the problem is unsolved. Sadly, as there is no solution yet on the current food crisis experienced all over the world, many national governments are embarrassed and have placedRead MoreEconomic Environment in India9561 Words   |  39 Pagesgrowth in India and Prospects. Role of Small Scale Industries and Problems faced by them. Globalisation V/s Small Sector. Role of Public Sector in India and its Problems, Concept of Privatisation Disinvestment. Impact of Liberalisation on Agricultural, Development, Globalisation Swadeshi. Industrial and Trade II. III. IV. Fore more detail:- http://www.gurukpo.com Section – C I. II. III. Foreign Trade – Volume, Composition and Direction, Export Promotion. Main Features of 2001 Census and PopulationRead MoreThe Food Insecurity Problem Of Cote D Ivoire Essay1823 Words   |  8 Pagesprofessionals to help households be more productive with the resources they have. The goal will be to teach families to make the best use of food and crops already available in their region. Another point is teaching the Ivoirians about the local insects, such as roundworm, could play a role in the lifespan of their crops or how best to utilize the insects. These educators must also promote and teach sustainable agriculture and community-based resource management in order for Cà ´te d’Ivoire to become prosperousRead MoreThe Impact of Agricultural Sector on Economic Growth in Nigeria18675 Words   |  75 PagesAgricultural Economics of Nigeria: Paradoxes and Crossroads of Multimodal Nature Professor Eric C. Eboh Professor of Agricultural Economics University of Nigeria CONTENTS 1.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2 2.0 CONCEPTUAL APPROACH OF THIS INAUGURAL LECTURE 6 REFLECTIONS ON THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY 8 3.0 4.0 5.0 AGRICULTURE FROM THE LOOKING GLASS OF MAN’S ECONOMIC HISTORY 16 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY FROM PARADIGMATIC VIEWPOINTS ABOUT THE STATE VIS-A-VIS MARKET 21 6.0 NIGERIAN AGRICULTURERead MoreEconomic Aspects of Agrarian Reform12715 Words   |  51 Pagesreforms:\   1. Introduction of markets for agricultural land to enable removal of fragmented farm holdings, encouraging consolidation of farm lands, introduction of commercial farming than than subsistence agriculture, 2. Free movement of agricultural goods within the country and to the extent possible across borders to enable farmers to specialize in such crops in which the land is most competitive internationally 3. Free market for retailing of agricultural goods, 4. Prescription of reasonable minimumRead MorePhilippines Anti-Poverty Program Through Peoples Participation9101 Words   |  37 PagesPHILIPPINES ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAM THROUGH PARTICIPATORY PLANNING Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of St. La Salle Bacolod City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements In: Rural Development Management Professor: Dr. Enrique Paderes, PhD. Greg C. Villanueva 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Title Page †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.... Table of Contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 List of Figures†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 Read MoreCore Banking Solutions12901 Words   |  52 PagesApplications Of Core Banking Solutions (CBS) Objectives of the Project Work: The major objectives of this project work are to: †¢ To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of CBS over traditional banking system †¢ To explore the technology used in CBS with special reference to Shreyas Grameen Bank. †¢ To identify and discuss various issues related with the automization of Banks. †¢ To define various Core Banking Services provided by Indian Banks. †¢ To identifyRead MoreBudget 2013-20144555 Words   |  19 Pagesinclusive and sustainable development’ to be the mool mantra. Government believes in inclusive development with emphasis on improving human development indicators specially of women, the scheduled castes, the scheduled tribes, the minorities and some backward classes. This Budget to be a testimony to that commitment. Fiscal Deficit, Current Account Deficit and Inflation The purpose of Budget to create economic space and find resources to achieve the objective of inclusive development. Dr Vijay Kelkar Committee

The American Education System - 1303 Words

The American education system is set up to create a clear division between the social classes. The quality of the education that children receive depends on whether they attend an elite school or urban schools. Elite schools are located in upper class neighborhoods. Students who attend elite schools receive high quality education. Demographically, the majority of students who attend elite schools are Caucasian. This does not necessarily have much to do with the skill level of the students who apply to the school. More often than not, the application process for these schools is discriminatory. Urban schools on the other hand, are inner city schools known for their diverse population of students who come from middle and lower class†¦show more content†¦A teacher associated low-income children with discipline problems. The teachers did not motive or believe in their student’s success. Students were just given information without explanation or were not encouraged to bec ome independent thinkers. If the students are not performing on their academic level or on the state standards, the schools are not going to receive funding to provide these students with technology. Society tends portray minorities as being destructive and ungrateful. Some believe that providing technology to students in urban school will result in damage and stolen digital devices. Elite schools receive funding for their schools that allows them to provide adequate access to technology to all their students. Unlike elite schools, lack of funding is an issue that increasingly plaguing urban schools and impacting the education those students receive. The buildings are in need of repairs and there is limited about of school staffs. The classroom space remains the same while the number of students per class increases. As a result, their resources such as textbooks to provide for their students are limited. Students utilize old textbooks that are in unacceptable condition and are depri ved from receiving or having access to resources and technology. The access to valuable resources put students in a better position for post secondary plans. Urban schools are at risk for low student achievement due to their lack of funding. The unequal quality of educationShow MoreRelatedThe American Education System Education1438 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Education System Education plays important role in society. It determines the final development of an adult’s personality. In today’s society most jobs require a University degree. To receive a University degree students need to rely on a good education system. Does America provide this? The American education system has relied on the grade point average system for a long time. The problem with this is there is not a universal GPA grade point system varying from course to course. This createsRead MoreAmerican Education System Of Education852 Words   |  4 Pagesdifficult to understand the American system of education and the how to cope with American students. To make foreign students understand and able to cope with the American higher education system, the author explains some assumption that is behind the education system. He noted that American higher education system has a connection with both the mechanical feature and the cultural beliefs, but not intellectual only as it is in many countries. People lacking knowledge of American culture may find it difficultRead MoreThe For The American Education System1599 Words   |  7 Pagesis a student in the fall semester in Tyler Junior college. She is from India and still very new to the American Education System. English is not her first language, but she is extremely grateful going to college in America and having her childhood dream come true. After all, her green card is still in process and she is unable to get a job or get any kind of funds to help her with her education. She has to pay for all her expenses out of her pocket, which is very difficult, given her current financialRead MoreThe American Education System930 Words   |  4 PagesAcceptance among teacher has been a key factor in successful or unsuccessful technology implementation. Historically, the structure of the American education system has been resistant to any kind of change (Collins Halverson, 2009). According to Blackwell, Lauricella, and Wartella (2014) teachers with more teaching experience have less favorable attitudes towards technology and use technology less often than teachers with less experience. Districts are making efforts to provide technology forRead MoreThe American Education System1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe American education system, as we know it, has failed us, and more of our youth are becoming incarcerated at young ages. The educational system has taken a backseat when it comes to funding prisons; youths have chosen to live a life of crime, as education has become less substantial than money and resources allocated to prisons. Although television shows such as Lock Up or Lock Down expose the harsh realities of the wars that are ongoing in prison, the war on education has taken a substantialRead MoreThe American education system2584 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿The American education system requires that students complete 12 years of primary and secondary education prior to attending uni versity or college.   Although admission policies vary from one university to the next, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a student s high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT or ACT exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview. University studentsRead MoreThe American Education System1119 Words   |  4 PagesThe school calendar varies a little from state to state; but American grade school students are guaranteed 180 days no more, no less. Colleges and universities can operate on their own schedules. The list of holidays that students and their teachers enjoy range from Thanksgiving to Spring Break. In some locations, school holidays account for demographic diversity. For example, many school districts mandate holidays for Yom Kippur. Recently, Eid al-Fitr (the feast day at the end of Ramadan) was addedRead MoreImpact Of Education On The American Education System1671 Words   |  7 PagesEducation has overtime developed from an institution that lacked what was necessary to properly education men, women and children, to what is now a fairly decent system that prepares people from all across the world. For minorities, or underrepresented ethnic groups in America this is a different case. My focused are of research pertains to the history of education and how policies and the quality of it has transformed. While we have grown over the decades to provide education for all groups of peopleRead MoreThe Education System Of The American School System961 Words   |  4 Pagespractices, the U.S., once the biggest global force in education, has seen its dominance slowly slip out, and its educational status fall even lower than that of several third-world countries. The decline experienced in American school system academic achievement is not as a result of lack of funding, but as a consequence of the overall educational system watering down. According to Gatto, educating children through the existing public school system of America is crippling rather than helping them. FromRead MoreThe Education System And The American Educational System899 Words   |  4 PagesThat trip spurred my desire to teach in less fortunate countries once I finish college. Once of the most significant differences between the Ugandan educational system and the American educational system that I saw was that access to education was so limited in Uganda. In 1997 Uganda initiated what they called Universal Primary Education (UPE), which aims to decrease poverty by making primary (elementary) school free, there by more accessible to it s students. (Bategeka and Okurut, 2006). The problem

A Comparison of Whitman’s Song of Myself with Ginsberg’s Howl

American poetry, unlike other nations’ poetry, is still in the nascent stage because of the absence of a history in comparison to other nations’ poetry humming with matured voices. Nevertheless, in the past century, American poetry has received the recognition it deserves from the creative poetic compositions of Walt Whitman, who has been called â€Å"the father of American poetry.† His dynamic style and uncommon content is well exhibited in his famous poem â€Å"Song of Myself,† giving a direction to the American writers of posterity. In addition, his distinct use of the line and breath has had a huge impression on the compositions of a number of poets, especially on the works of the present-day poet Allen Ginsberg, whose debatable poem â€Å"Howl†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Such formations of the words by both the poets add to the feeling of flexibility and freedom from the limitations of time and space in their poems. This is the leading trai t and similarity of the respective ‘catalogues’ of both â€Å"Song of Myself† and â€Å"Howl† (Moritz 6). The element of similarity is evident not only in the form but content and style as well (Monforton par. 2). Whitman’s speaker speaks in the voice of first person. Comparing Ginsberg with Whitman, he is possessed by Whitman who uses the personal pronoun ‘I’ more often, culminating in the hug between the body and soul, town and country, sexuality and spirituality, and science and mysticism – all-pervasive but Whitman’s ‘I’ is not completely identified in the absence of ‘you,’ who is not real; it is the imaginative audience of Whitman, which differentiates the poetry of Whitman, as he says, â€Å"You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things from me,’ you shall listen to all sides and filter them from yourself,† (Whitman 26). The self of Whitman is all-encompassing; it absorbs all activities rural or urban. There is a unity in all diverse ‘items’ of the self and in the self. Ginsberg uses the same device in â€Å"Howl† to pay his

Cognitive behavioral therapy Free Essays

string(191) " striking similarity to note IS the resonance between the mindfulness-related expression ‘psychological quicksand’ and the person- centered concept of ‘incongruence’\." I will present a summary of both approaches followed by critical reflection upon their exceptive origins, similarities, differences and usage in practice. Carl Rogers, originator of the person-centered approach, conceived it in the late 1 sass at a time when the therapeutic establishment was dominated by psychoanalysis, which holds that psychological problems result from childhood fixations and biological drives buried in the unconscious mind, and behaviorism, which focuses on the annalistic mechanism of habits developing as a reaction to stimuli. Rogers disagreed with these approaches’ conception of the client as ‘weak’ or ‘broken’ and the therapist as the expert with the tools to ‘fix’ him Cashmere, 201 1). We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive behavioral therapy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Conversely, the person-centered approach is thought to be rooted in three interrelated philosophies (Cashmere, 2011 humanism, existentialism and phenomenology. Humanism is fundamentally a belief in the dignity and worth of each individual, and that each person is engaged in a struggle towards ‘self-actualization’, I. E. Fulfillment of potential in some way, which should be acknowledged and respected. Existentialism holds that there is no objective truth or meaning and that humans are therefore ‘condemned to be free’, with total responsibility for creating meaning in our individual lives, and homogeneity is a related method of social/philosophical enquiry concerned with understanding the subjective reality experienced by each individual. Drawing on these influences, Rogers developed a number of key tenets of person-centered counseling, three of which he dubbed the ‘core conditions of therapeutic change’. These are that, firstly, the therapist experiences ‘unconditional positive regard’ for the client; the client is made to feel that everything he feels and expresses is equally acceptable, important and valued. Secondly, the therapist experiences an ’empathic understanding’ of he client, which means that as the client is talking, the therapist accurately senses his feelings and personal values – including those he may not be directly aware of. Thirdly, the therapists unconditional positive regard and empathic understanding must be effectively conveyed to the client (Rogers, 1957, cited in Ballasting Dyke’s, 2010). Page 1 of 6 These tenets serve to emphasis the role of the therapist in facilitating the client’s achievement of ‘self-actualization’ -becoming a psychologically mature adult who is at ease with their experiences and trusts their own inner sources to help them cope with difficulties. As in phenomenology, the therapist is concerned with understanding the world as perceived by the client. To work within the ‘core conditions’, a therapist must act as another human being rather than an ‘expert’ and must avoid projecting his own personal meanings onto the client’s situation at all costs, although he should remain aware of them as part of his own humanity. Rogers’ theory is that the therapeutic relationship, rather than any specific technique or treatment, will itself facilitate change. He believed that any diagnosis or goal-setting only objectifies clients, and that individual meanings should be treated as the â€Å"highest authority† (Ballasting Dyke’s, 2010). The person-centered approach also offers a theory explaining the origins of unbearable emotional distress. Where there is a conflict between how a person feels, or is (the ‘organism self’) and how he thinks he should feel, or be (the ‘self-concept’), the result is ‘incongruence’. When a person is incongruent, he is experiencing thoughts and feelings that are unacceptable according to his self-concept. This results in the employment of deference mechanisms such as repression, distortion or menial of feelings, alongside escalating confusion and unhappiness. In person- centered counseling, the therapist models congruence – he is being himself and his experiences match what he communicates to the client – and his ‘unconditional positive regard’ is intended to help the client begin to accept all aspects of himself and thus move towards congruence (Ballasting Dyke’s, 2010). Mindfulness, contrastingly, is not primarily a therapy in itself (although there are types of therapy based solely upon Buddhist teachings) but rather a method of dealing with suffering which has been integrated into several types f therapy, notably cognitive-behavioral therapy (CB). An integral part of Buddhist philosophy, mindfulness is a translation of a Pail word meaning ‘recollection’. To ‘recollect’ an awareness of the present moment means observing, without judgment, present thoughts, feelings, sensations and wider context. Crucially, this includes any kind of emotional discomfort or suffering. It is posited that many people strive to keep themselves feeling safe, protecting themselves from the things they fear and trying to attain the things they value and desire. People crave what they don’t have and grasp onto what they do -? forming emotional attachments to ideas, possessions or people in order to distract themselves from the reality of life, which is that it involves suffering and will end in death (Barker, 2010). Hayes (2005, cited in Barker, 2010) uses the phrase ‘psychological quicksand’ to describe the way we can â€Å"sink deeper into our feelings† when we try to struggle against them. To struggle Page 2 of 6 against uncomfortable feelings, whether by distracting ourselves or by trying to force them to change, only deepens and exacerbates conflict and anguish. Furthermore, when controlling or avoiding feelings does not work and we are arced to acknowledge them, we may over-identify with them, view them as permanent and feel trapped within them. Acceptance is the first essential element of mindfulness; instead of â€Å"feeling sad about feeling sad†, the alternative is to accept difficult feelings, gently and curiously, as only part of the whole moment. ‘Being present’ is the second element; this involves striving, through practice, to focus our attention upon the present moment. Ruminating over the past may result in our processing current thoughts and feelings as part Of an overall narrative, which impedes our understanding hem purely for what they are, and focusing on future goals prevents us from seeing that we will never be fully satisfied; happiness can only be in the endeavourer, in the present moment. The third element is awareness. Becoming deeply aware of thoughts and thought processes means that we avoid becoming ‘carried away’ by automatic processes at the expense of reason and control. Mindfulness is often practiced using meditation but can be employed as part of therapy or in the context of day-to-day activities (Barker, 2010). The most striking similarity to note IS the resonance between the mindfulness-related expression ‘psychological quicksand’ and the person- centered concept of ‘incongruence’. You read "Cognitive behavioral therapy" in category "Papers" Essentially, both approaches locate the cause of suffering in the discrepancy between how people truly feel, or truly are, and how they believe they should feel or should be. Accordingly, both approaches advocate acceptance and legitimating of all parts of the self, although the person-centered approach perceives this as being facilitated by the therapeutic relationship, whereas in mindfulness it occurs as a result of practicing ‘acceptance’, ‘being present’ and ‘awareness’ via techniques such as dedication. Shown (1996, cited in Barker, 2010) argues that it was the resonance between some humanistic and Buddhist ideas that led to Buddhism rising popularity in Western culture since the 1 sass; mindfulness theories applied in the West are thus at least somewhat related to the humanist approach. Certainly the two approaches share a belief in phenomenological subjectivity and the harmfulness Of hierarchical, inflexible doctrines. However, at first glance, mindfulness may appear more ideologically-based. Where the person-centered approach focuses on the individualized ‘organism self’ failing to reach the self concept’, mindfulness takes a firmer stance in that it emphasizes the harmfulness of all ‘craving or ‘grasping, in all human beings, as a denial of the realities of suffering and death. Page 3 of 6 These aspects of the two approaches appear diametrically opposed. Should suffering people focus on themselves, or should they move towards focusing on the whole context surrounding them in order to gain perspective? Mann Bazaar is a person-centered therapist who, more recently, has incorporated mindfulness techniques as part of his practice (Bazaar, 2009). He emphasizes the â€Å"erosion† of self that a mindful examination of the self can ring about: ‘What meditation eventually does to one person is to leave one’s identity†¦ That destroys the very foundation of our western society which is founded on ego, on self, on acquiring†¦ The more I’m aware, the more I look around, the more I see the full implication of suffering’ (Open University, 201 AAA). Barker (2010) similarly argues that being in a state of mindful awareness is an appropriate foundation for action, and that letting go of ‘craving’ and ‘grasping’ lessens selfish behavior in relationships. The person-centered approach has attracted criticism for supposedly being â€Å"theory-thin† (Cashmere, 201 1). However, as has been shown, it is rooted in humanism, existentialism and phenomenology’, and was developed as a challenge to the authoritarian, dogmatic approaches that were prominent at the time. Carl Rogers is overwhelmingly regarded as the most influential figure in the therapy field, even among practitioners of cognitive-behavioral therapy (Barber, 2007, cited in Ballasting Dyke’s, 201 0); regardless Of approach, most practitioners today recognize the importance of the relationship between therapist and client, as well as the need to create equilibrium within this relationship rather than allowing the therapist to Edgar him or herself as the ‘expert’ (Kowtow and Saffron, 2007). Pinker (2011) argues that the evolution of value systems in the direction of humanism has been a momentous general historical trend. Person-centered counseling, which reveres the inherent worth and inalienable rights of the individual and disdains arbitrary authority in favor of a more egalitarian outlook, rose to prominence as part of this trend. Pinker contends that, since the end of the Second World War, humanism has been the unquestioned foundation of most Western people’s values; so much so that it is easy to forget it is a theory. The historical significance of humanism in general, and Carl Rogers in particular, should not be discounted. However, since Rogers’ theories were developed in the sass, it seems timely to examine them and question whether they might be refined. Wood (2008) highlights some criticisms that have been made in recent years: May (1982, cited in Wood, 2008) ‘took Rogers to task for asserting the sovereign freedom of the individual and then blaming society for the individual’s woes†. The person- centered approach, which takes an extremely positive view of human nature (all humans are engaged in a struggle towards self-actualization, and only deed Page 4 of 6 to be facilitated to achieve their potential), does not adequately address personal responsibility or the collective good. To value and revere an individual’s needs above all else is to ignore, for example, ecological problems that result from people proportioning their own wants and needs. In my view, Rogers’ reverence of the therapeutic relationship is also problematic. To feel and communicate positive regard and empathic understanding to such an extent that the client feels transformed by it, may only be achieved in certain circumstances. Maureen Moore, a preconceived counselor, describes her allegations with a client who was feeling alienated from others as a result of being mixed-race: â€Å"I’ve experienced some of this myself, so in a sense I was able to be more empathic† (Open University, Bibb). The success of the therapeutic relationship may at least partly depend on the therapists experiences and personality compared to the client’s, and while this criticism applies to all types of therapy, it is particularly pertinent in the case of an approach which venerates the relationship as the therapy, rather than any technique or process. It may be that the person-centered approach works best n cases where a profound understanding does develop (perhaps as a result of shared experience between the therapist and the client) and/or where the client is new to the experience of being fully listened to and accepted. Overall, I feel more drawn to the mindfulness approach: the person-centered idea of accepting the whole self has been refined and conveyed more clearly, without the need for jargon such as ‘incongruence’, there is less weight placed upon the therapeutic relationship and it addresses the wider context rather than focusing on the self. Additionally, mindfulness techniques have been hon. to have wide-ranging applications; dialectical behavior therapy, for example, is a variant of CB which focuses on patients’ cognitive styles while simultaneously teaching mindfulness strategies for management of their mental states, and which evidence suggests is effective for patients with borderline personality disorder. Mindfulness as part of a structured approach may be Of particular benefit to people with chaotic inner lives (Roth and F-Nagy, 2005). How to cite Cognitive behavioral therapy, Papers

Entertainment Media and Culture free essay sample

Armonk Frank Entertainment media has shaped Americas culture and values in more ways than anyone could have imagined. Every source of entertainment media has become more advanced because of Its origination. Those types of media Include; Music, Internet, Radio, Television, Movies, and Video gaming. With these different but similar forms of media, every aspect of the day is covers tunes, social networking, reality shows, and films, Americas culture and valuesTodays technology has paved the way for Tomorrows satisfaction. In the past, society struggled with migration, racism, Loss of royalties, negative responses to certain music, lawsuits, profits, acceptance, communication, and a decline In sales. Because of the Civil Rights Movement (1 sell the end to racial segregation initiated to gain balance of rights to Black Americans. In this case the race and gender of an artist Is not the most Import factor of his or her performance. At this time, Illegal down loaders were harming the sales of music. We will write a custom essay sample on Entertainment Media and Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Change brought about fee based downloading websites like Apples tunes, where there is a small charge for music to compensate artists for their work. The radio would deliver music and non-music programming events across the nation to different audiences. With the advanced technology of the Television, drama, and theatricals are not placed on radio stations making space for the top musical hits and playbills. This adjustment also improved a greater audience, higher fidelity, and less confining format.Television and film was to so popular at its start in 1891, the Lumpier brothers introduced motion pictures to films in 1895 making television more enjoyable for Its viewers. In 1927, the Jazz singer began the era of talking film. Social Influence of Entertainment Media The social influence of entertainment media is positive. Every person has a different preference when concerning media. Black Americans have a passion for rhythm and blues, hip hop, gospel, and smooth jazz elements.Migrant listeners prefer vaudeville and swing music; the younger generation has an eye for rock N roll ND pop music. In the same light whether white or black, most artists have listeners of all ethnicities. A positive influence has also given light to radio; it can reach anyone, mass media. Radio also can be heard on the Internet without charge. The advancement of television today is seen in Technically. Since the establishment of cable, the viewing world can has access to a large selection of networks such as news, weather, shopping, and comedy stations. With the announcement of the MAMA rating yester (1968), the viewer becomes aware of the volume of the content that will be aired before played. Video gaming is essential to todays society as it serves as a helpful device for teaching with its imitated levels and life skills. There Is no video games also initiate its content with a rating to let game players know which type of effects will be acknowledged. Entertainment media has proven to be beneficial in many aspects. It serves as a rapid and progressive source of accessing many things.